East to write the Soul of the West

 Whether changing the soul of the University
, things change, people have always been the university more than many other things of special concern. The image of the University of the University of the things about people's identity, but also about the University's self-identity . Universities should show what image? let us from the great universities in the world to seek answers to it.
(a)
historic University of Paris, regarded as the originator of the modern university. It first played in the Middle Ages Autonomous Federation of Students University strike most often used to maintain and expand the autonomy means. This demonstrates the struggle outside the university's independent image. in school, the church of the first seminaries to develop a tradition of free debate, put forward various disturbing issues, the most heated discussions, the most courageous and the most productive exchange of exploration. which in turn show the basic style of the other universities mm on the selfless pursuit of knowledge and truth. It is also the start to an international the face of the world. Even in today's world is precious cosmopolitanism, the early divergence from here out, but it also used the most universal characteristics of mm, and most of France's national character is from the University of Paris cast mm out.
another of Europe's oldest university, the University of Paris and sister schools as the University of Bologna Law School, began his The school history of. birth, to appear in the image of rich sense of the world. early, she was committed to the Roman re-shine, light earth to ancient Roman civilization, the effort to do the Italian Renaissance to prepare; when Italy is surrounded by wolves when she stood in front struggle, as the Italian national poet Kaer Du Qi said, paper issued by the call sign principle, reaffirmed the lofty mission of the University of the preservation of human spiritual and cultural values mm, creation and dissemination of knowledge, but also hold high the torch of European Union, calling down mental barriers and achieve integration of European science and culture, to promote Europe's old dream to the reality of the joint move.
Oxford University, the cradle of the world's leading figures. poet Matthew. Arnold, made the most romantic but also the most correct description of when. He wrote: University goal, the most perfect ideal hh philistine! failed cause, abandoned the faith, not popular reputation, the incredible loyalty mm are found in your home here! : idealism, breadth, tolerance, compassion losers.
University of Cambridge, very few people know exactly what his birthday is a Shaw, but many people are familiar with the history of academic thought she had a dazzling bright stars, known as the regular academic started the trend of the first, gave birth to the many scientific, cultural, everything about the giant's prestigious tradition. stresses on the Cambridge tradition, President of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Mr. Jin Yaoji of the knock knock. the whole of Trinity Street, clear voice can be heard the porter answered, Yes then open the door, politely but very serious to ask visitors name, please, Why? Thomson explained what he wanted, to the King letter of appointment to pay his hand. porter that asked him to wait, then the door slammed shut again, and Fleet of Foot had a great side court l r, to the Academy of the certificate submitted to the lounge is a Fellow. academicians seriousness, the verification of the certificate is correct immediately after qualification by the depth, filed out, lined up at the door greeted the new president. changes in the way they maintain a strong tradition. The newcomer of the world's top universities, this century, philosopher William James. said: freedom to create, and thus laid the foundation of its fame and deep. eighties, Harvard refused to grant honorary doctorate from President Reagan will be shown regarding the value creation of the great institutions of freedom and full lung power hh
Bai University of California Cleveland Branch President said that the university ; University of democratic institutions is the pursuit of truth banner of the mission, Oxford, broad, classical, Cambridge, aloof, quiet atmosphere of the College, Harvard is the inner spirit of their unique characteristics hh reflects the common ideal of a college or university of the soul keeper, then Contemporary presidents who talk the world's elite is that these universities in the ideal keeper, he also developed and enriched it. either as the forefront of criticism and creation, or the pursuit of truth, the post-industrial society Soul: the detachment of any trend, detached from any class, independent factions and the Palestinian Authority to maintain and develop the spirit of the freedom of human knowledge and human values. It is the soul of the University's independent spirit, so that universities throughout human history creation and destruction are two forces in perpetual conflict has always represented the power of creation, in the process of human beings struggling for their ideals, the university is both a consciousness of the great human adventure in the vanguard, which is also supported by generations of human beings the ideal guardian of spiritual values. faithful to the great ideals, and take great heritage legacy of the mission, but also loyal to the glorious quest to explore the boundaries of thought and knowledge, University of mm which is the reason for the university tradition. It is a tradition the creative source of self-nourishment, but also any external force universities to maintain their own stable flow of power. pioneer spirit to beat the vigorous implementation of the faithful to abandon the tradition.
(b)
University of independence and privileges as an independent sign of freedom struggle through the unyielding struggle came. all the old universities of Europe, without which the war had not experienced the independence struggle. University of Paris, still in prototype stage in order to achieve autonomy and joint and struggle. as the Church seminary, the University of Paris at the beginning under the tight control of the church; as medieval Europe's most important teaching and academic centers, royal and local administration are also coveted this site and do everything possible to intervene and intervene in its internal affairs. Office Church and secular forces in the double attack, the University of Paris autonomy is difficult and long road. In numerous times with the priests to fight the dispute after the University of Paris paid a bloody price, made the King franchise certificate, free from the supervision of bishops , control and interference. Then came the long struggle to .1229 with the police, the Bishop of Paris, by students for students and the public prosecution of the conflict, Regent Queen Mother ordered the arrest of students. in with the king's police clashed, the students killed or injured a lot. students angrily strikes and the withdrawal of Paris. strikes and evacuation is a powerful weapon. because, as was pointed out by a Cardinal, the University of Paris literature professor studying the trend of the United States Church of heaven, overflow the riverbed of the river, and then poured into the many streams dry up, Pope to set up and maintenance of the Inquisition, the Pope is known for privileges, but it is a university he published , specific rights granted to the three degrees of privilege. and make sure that only the Pope is the supreme guardian of it. The Pope personally developed by the independent charter to Bishop to rid itself of the University of Paris eventually acquired control of the legal status as an autonomous body. This A position has also been recognized by the King and the Queen Mother.
Since then, as the thirteenth century Pope Alexander IV, another said, Paris became the students and many of the most outstanding teachers from various countries, the University of Paris has become the still often go on strike and fighting. They have opposed the supervision of the pope, the king refused to care. In many cases, whether or King of the bishops of the University of Paris police are helpless. The struggle for independence and unbending tradition of self-government continues to this day .1968 starting from France, spread to Europe and America, shocked the world, independent spirit, strikes a big tradition in the modern show. It led to the de Gaulle government step down, also forged a fruitful mm the principle of autonomy.
those of today's most famous universities in Europe, in addition to funding by George II, was built in the eighteenth century G?ttingen University, the wise king, did the right thing and not to intervene should not intervene things, it had the honor to start schools on their own without interference; other universities have a long history with the University of Paris, a similar struggle for the independent, self-experience. in which the University of Bologna as early as the twelfth century Holy Roman Emperor from the peroneal Frederick I, like where to obtain a license, foreign students can be exempted from the laws of the city of Bologna. But the municipal authorities in various cities professors limit the free flow and interfere with their titles awarded. a series of conflicts triggered by the strike, causing migration of college students home. authorities were forced to make concessions, 1278, University of Bologna eventual independence. Oxford University, Cambridge University the struggle against the king by the Pope interference protection, which laid the foundation of the independent self-government. But the two universities in maintaining and expanding their autonomy status of the process, continue to occur ministry of the church.
In all these struggles, the University community spirit shown, without any faction controlled the tendency of independence and dissent, to make the university into the community on a variety of forces are disturbed by the power of , just as the famous French historian Jacques. Lege Fu in the The. out of the control of religious power and kingship and independent, in Europe as to keep pace with the Church and the secular regime of the three forces. on the power structure in Europe since the Middle Ages, people often ; the famous to describe. In fact, this is not complete, but also added, host a scholar. This triple protection and social patterns of separation of European society inspired the vitality of the chaos of Europe in the surface turbulent Xia Pentium with endless creativity. and universities, because of its traditional spirit of independence and critical creative spirit and idealism, both started the trend first, to become Europe's most important source of creativity, but also the integration of spiritual and cultural force.
(c)
University said, The University of the twins on to eternal life factors on the mental and spiritual mm mm lasting concern against the materialism of industrial civilization to serve on the failure of sympathy and loyalty, faith and all other valuable things were left out but homes and shelters Yan Liang attitude disdain for the world state and short-sighted utilitarianism; also reminiscent of the great dream of the embrace of the University of Bologna, which is committed to reproduce the ancient Roman civilization in Italy,UGG boots clearance, brilliant, committed to wake up from this ancient civilization the spread of the ideal citizen of the world, and ethnic hatred in the war-torn Europe suffered beyond the nation to promote national reconciliation and the United States; also reminiscent of a real knowledge of the conditions of life: freedom, autonomy, detached, independent hh.
all this, all the brilliant flash of idealism. In this brilliant shine, the number of centuries in the pursuit of human freedom, the fundamental values of tolerance Chang-ming as a beacon of eternal, not swallowed the whirlpool rapids, storms can not be extinguished. The University itself does not condone in the world is not free of the situation, it is the human ideal of freedom and a symbol of tolerance. University since its inception , has been accepted with open arms and young scholars from all students. Here, scholars have raised the issue independently, carry out very active exchange of ideas and academic exploration; young students from here to learn how to think, how to dialogue and confrontation of ideas, and gain a broad perspective from which to observe the world. University of tolerance and freedom but also the spirit of people can go many ways to develop. either to the outside world, curiosity and passion to explore, or focus on the inner life, thinking and meditation, have been encouraging and inclusive. There is also preparing to accommodate a variety of opinions, whether they view the traditional, conservative, or novel, weird, have to stand the ground. forties went to Cambridge twice of Mr. Xiao Gan in the talking about the ghost of his people can cross between the delivery of information. Even more remarkable is that although the huge one in Cambridge, in addition to the public, no one believe in ghosts, though not nobody on this public criticism, but scientists is neither a ghost Convocation of the University removed, nor were his colleagues isolated, discriminated against or Biyi, of course, is not Taofa. ghost scientists in Cambridge, there are unharmed, safe and sound to continue the study of ghosts. This phenomenon is not at the Chinese University imagine. However, it is this study can tolerate even the ghost of academic freedom, can be explained by Newton's law of universal gravitation and the theory of Darwinian evolution, how can they shock the world have come out in Cambridge.
freedom on the student, Qiu Kean compiled the University of Oxford, hold a debate. subject generally pre-determined, a spokesman for the selection in favor of or against a party, their views and strongly refute the other party. Finally, the vote in order to observe the audience tendency. The most famous debate in the February 9, 1933 at The. entitled In fact, when World War II broke out, university students went to anti-fascist war generous, those who sacrificed their lives for their country very much. However, the inclusion of Oxford on the blame to the students to develop their own unfettered thought the best conditions, the students can be in the range of views battle of ideas and to form a truly their own ideas, and to temper their own thoughts and for being mature. and many student organizations are not only reflects the existence of extra-curricular student life, abundance and freedom, but also reflects a fundamental Oxford University Thoughts on Education, which is Vice President of Oxford University, Professor Lu Kasi told reporters in Beijing last year when talking about, but also of Oxford has been pursued in the traditional other universities have the same style. is freedom and tolerance to exposure to the university teachers and students to remove the shackles of mind, so that freedom of thought and spirit of growth; is freedom and tolerance, so that the University has a tension towards the future. can not remember clear who once hailed as one of Europe's Middle Ages, the mystery of a very long tunnel, go into the orthodox Christian, but it is coming out of the Roman Catholic Church. This interesting analogy can be applied another way, when you walk in silence, silent, the lethargy, out loud boiling Shique, and engaging. No doubt, it is the most important invention as the medieval university, change in contributed to this mysterious play an important role. university autonomy and freedom have privileges in the the Middle Ages, any communication, the truth is treated as heresy and repression of the authoritarian night search, the university is still an oasis of freedom, from where the torch lit by thinking, sooner or later to burn the curtain of lies woven.
shown by the ideal of the University and assert the value, cosmopolitanism and democracy is also very striking. Knowledge without boundaries, truth has no boundaries. Temple University and the pursuit of knowledge as a place of truth and the natural world in favor of the integration of human cooperation. In Europe the nation-state during the formation of the universality of the Christian calling and by the various universities of the world to reflect and transmit the spirit of the emerging national spirit and form a constructive relationship, a way for the awakening of the national spirit from the narrow counterweight. repeated in the nationalist fervor of the contemporary threat to human, the world's traditional spirit of the University is a pair of antidote, which break from the nationalist and ideological barriers erected, all the exaggerated attention to the differences were overshadowed by the common characteristics of human Through the unity of human diversity to reveal, through the ecological crisis, population explosion, the nuclear threat growing number of global issues to reveal the common destiny of mankind. The University of the scientific and cultural fields increasingly carried out The more extensive international cooperation is demonstrated a possibility of future human solidarity.
said University of democracy, it is true that people may be under some universities, such as Oxford, Cambridge has a long history exists as a fact of elite schools objection. However, in the hierarchical medieval Europe, was the first breakthrough in most universities for all levels of line and talented people. Oxford and Cambridge universities such nobility in another unique way to reflect the democratic, for example, they common principles of Features preview of parliamentary debate, young students in such activities is to get the best quality of training in democracy. The most important is that in recent centuries Renlei struggle for equality in universities to the democratization of education in the pursuit of Zhan in the forefront. built in the eighteenth century G?ttingen University, there was a provision on the fee: elite students registration fee is six times the civilian students, this inequality r l reflects the fees provided in the authoritarian society G?ttingen University, founded on a kind of rich and poor, equal right to study democratic ideal of education. the democratization of education campaign to a climax, the most important universities in the United States, whether they are still built in the colonial period After the War of Independence, the University is committed to breaking the monopoly of higher education of people, committed to making the school a place to spread knowledge. Moreover, the conditions for communities throughout the University, the universities are in fact opening the door to every citizen. In Europe, occurred in 1968 student protests in Paris, the democratization of education in Europe made a powerful push. student protests in Paris, before the European higher education lags behind. At that time, the Soviet Union three times the number of university students in the European Community, the United States five times European Community. the educational idea is: the democratization of university education should be through the struggle against social inequality. also made people with disabilities, women, older persons, migrants and other vulnerable groups should be entitled to receive university education. based on the ideal of democratization of education, European and American universities also gradually take on new functions of lifelong education.
the University of democratization in education efforts once again that they not only rock-solid faith, and most sensitively reflect the needs of the times, and always stand changes the forefront.
independent and autonomous, open to tolerance, freedom of exploration, the pursuit of truth, founded on the ideal and the keeper of the traditional concept and the tension between frontier as agents of change, the University displayed in a few centuries the image of the college The basic characteristics of the University. (Xiao Xuehui / heart desperately edge edit)